| HS Code | 931306 |
| Product Name | High Temperature Leveling Agent for Polyester RH-NB-2118 |
| Model | RH-NB-2118 |
| Appearance | Colorless to pale yellow transparent liquid |
| Ionicity | Nonionic/anionic |
| Ph Value | 5.0-7.0 (1% aqueous solution) |
| Water Solubility | Easily soluble in water |
| Main Function | Leveling, dispersing, penetrating, and preventing dye aggregation during high-temperature polyester dyeing |
| Application | High-temperature dyeing of polyester fibers and fabrics with disperse dyes |
| Typical Dosage | 0.5-1.5 g/L, adjusted according to dyeing process |
| Thermal Stability | Suitable for high-temperature dyeing conditions up to about 130°C |
| Compatibility | Compatible with commonly used nonionic and anionic dyeing auxiliaries |
| Packaging | Plastic drum, typically 125 kg per drum |
| Storage | Store in a cool, dry, ventilated place; avoid freezing and direct sunlight |
| Shelf Life | Typically 12 months in unopened original packaging |
As an accredited High Temperature Leveling Agent for Polyester RH-NB-2118 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | RH-NB-2118 high-temperature polyester leveling agent is packaged in sealed 200 kg drums with chemical-resistant liners and clear hazard labels. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | High Temperature Leveling Agent for Polyester RH-NB-2118 is packed and loaded securely into a 20-foot FCL container for shipment. |
| Shipping | Shipping description: High Temperature Leveling Agent for Polyester RH-NB-2118 is shipped as a non-hazardous industrial liquid, typically in sealed plastic drums or IBC totes. Keep containers closed and protected from extreme heat, freezing, and moisture. Transport per SDS and local regulations; use absorbent for spills. |
| Storage | Store RH-NB-2118 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight, heat, ignition sources, and incompatible oxidizing materials. Keep containers tightly closed, upright, clearly labeled, and in original packaging. Prevent freezing and moisture contamination. Follow local regulations and the manufacturer’s SDS for safe storage and handling. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life: 12 months when stored unopened in a cool, dry, ventilated place, away from sunlight. |
In high-temperature exhaust dyeing of 100% polyester, RH-NB-2118 is metered into the main vessel at 0.5–1.5 g/L before dyebath acidification to pH 4.5–5.0 with acetic acid. The leveling effect is most measurable between 110 °C and 135 °C, where disperse dye migration and polyester chain segment mobility increase concurrently. On package dyeing machines loaded with high-tenacity 1100 dtex filament, the liquor ratio is held at 1:8, pump capacity is set to 30–40 L/min·kg, and inside-to-outside/outside-to-inside flow is alternated every 120 s. Dye uptake on the inner cheese face lags the outer face until the bath reaches 128 °C; after reduction clearing, a radial shade difference above ΔE CMC 0.8 under D65/10° is treated as a batch failure. The terminal product is dyed high-tenacity yarn for seat-belt edge binding, cargo lashing, and tether webbing. Finished webbing is checked for wash fastness to ISO 105-C06 A1S, light fastness to ISO 105-B02 grade 6, and webbing edge force retention to ASTM D6775-13. RH-NB-2118 is not designed for carrier dyeing below 100 °C or for yarn that will be over-dyed with cationic dyes.
On air-jet dyeing machines at 1:4 to 1:5 liquor ratio, microfiber polyester warp-knit fabric with filament counts below 0.5 dtex develops surface depth faster than the yarn-bundle core. The ramp through 100–120 °C is therefore controlled at 1.0 °C/min, and RH-NB-2118 is injected from a side tank at 1.0–1.2 g/L before disperse dye dispersion. Medium shades reach acceptable exhaust at a 130 °C hold of 30 min; dark shades are held for 45 min. On these machines the high-shear zone near the air nozzle can destabilize low-molecular-weight surfactant films, so the product is selected for low-foam behavior at 135 °C. The specific batch defect is not yarn-level unevenness but crease marking and later shade shift during tenter finishing; the process therefore adds an oligomer dispersant and limits finishing pad pressure to 0.3 MPa. Terminal end-use includes laminated windproof shells and high-density yoga garments. Compliance is evaluated by perspiration fastness under ISO 105-E04, chlorinated water fastness under ISO 105-E03, and restricted substance screening under Oeko-Tex Standard 100 class I.
Automotive interior circular knit made from air-textured polyester yarn is dyed on a soft-flow jet at 1:6 liquor ratio. The product is dosed at 0.6 g/L because the open knit structure gives high liquor exchange; raising the concentration above 1.2 g/L suppresses final disperse dye exhaustion by more than 5%. The bath is set at pH 4.5, ramped at 1.5 °C/min to 130 °C, and held for 35 min. After dyeing, reduction clearing is run at 80 °C for 20 min, followed by heat-setting at 190 °C for 60 s to stabilize stitch length. The compliance matrix for headliner body cloth includes fogging according to DIN 75201-G at 100 °C for 16 h, light fastness grade 6 per ISO 105-B02, and dimensional stability under 150 °C heat exposure of ±2%. The terminal product is nonwoven-laminated headliner and pillar trim knit, where dye migration into polyurethane foam is controlled by the reduction clearing step and subsequent curing at 120 °C.
On woven polyester/cotton workwear twill processed in a single overflow jet, the polyester component is dyed at 130 °C with RH-NB-2118 at 0.8 g/L; after drainage, the cotton component is dyed with vinyl sulfone reactive dyes at 60–80 °C. Carry-over of nonionic dispersant from the first stage retards reactive dye fixation if the final rinse leaves surfactant residue above 0.1 g/L. Two overflow rinses at 70 °C for 10 min each and one neutralization rinse with 0.5 mL/L acetic acid reduce carry-over to below detection by surface tension measurement. The high-temperature stage uses a 1:7 liquor ratio, a 1.2 °C/min ramp, and a 40 min hold at 130 °C. The product is not added to the reactive stage because its nonionic component can interfere with vinyl sulfone dye fixation. Terminal fabric is high-visibility workwear and corporate uniform twill. Color fastness is assessed under ISO 105-C06 B2S for industrial washing and ISO 105-E04 for perspiration; flame-spread performance for protective styles is tested to ISO 15025 after finishing.
| Machine class | Liquor ratio | Leveling agent addition | Temperature window | Hold time | Terminal substrate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Package dyeing, vertical spindle | 1:8 | 1.0–2.0 g/L | 110–135 °C | 45 min | High-tenacity filament webbing |
| Air-jet rope dyeing | 1:4–1:5 | 1.0–1.2 g/L | 100–130 °C | 30–45 min | Microfiber warp-knit sportswear |
| Soft-flow jet | 1:6 | 0.6 g/L | 110–130 °C | 35 min | Automotive interior knit |
| Overflow jet, two-stage | 1:7 | 0.8 g/L | 110–130 °C | 40 min | Polyester/cellulosic workwear |
| Beam dyeing, open width | 1:10 | 0.5 g/L | 110–135 °C | 30 min | Woven outdoor pack fabric |
For polyester sewing thread in 1 kg package form, the product is applied at 0.5 g/L in a single-end package machine with unidirectional flow; the terminal thread is tested for wash fastness under ISO 105-C06 A2S and rub fastness under AATCC TM8.
For pongee and Oxford fabric used in backpack shells, open-width beam dyeing at 1:10 liquor ratio presents a uniformity problem because beam winding density of 250–350 g/L fabric roll creates differential flow resistance across the width. RH-NB-2118 is dosed at 0.5 g/L into the circulation tank; pump pressure drop is set to 2.0 bar, and flow direction is reversed every 10 min. Temperature is raised at 1.5 °C/min to 135 °C and held for 30 min. The high-temperature stability of the agent prevents breakdown products from depositing as a hard film on the beam filter screen. Terminal product is fluorocarbon-free durable water repellent backpack shell fabric. Finished fabric is tested to ISO 811 for static water resistance after coating, ISO 105-B02 for light fastness grade 5–6, and ISO 105-X12 for rub fastness after lamination. The pH tolerance for this configuration is narrow: below pH 4.2, disperse dye particle size increases by visible filtration; above pH 5.2, beam edge marking appears.
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High-temperature levelling agent RH-NB-2118 is supplied as a low-viscosity amber liquid with anionic/amphoteric functionality for polyester exhaust, beam, package, and jet dyeing. The release specification envelope includes pH 5.0–7.0 measured on a 10 g/L aqueous dilution at 20 °C by ISO 4316, apparent viscosity 50–200 mPa·s at 25 °C with a Brookfield LV rotational viscometer at spindle 2 and 30 r/min, density 1.00–1.10 g/cm³ at 20 °C, and complete dispersion in deionised water at 1:10 dilution without gel phases or oiling-out. Non-volatile residue after 2 h at 105 °C is typically 95–99%. The product is intended for high-temperature processes where disperse-dye strike occurs between 90 °C and 135 °C and where liquor ratios are below 1:10.
The ionic character limits its use in baths containing strongly cationic chemicals. Buffering to pH 4.5–5.0 with acetic acid–sodium acetate is recommended before the product is introduced. In storage, the product remains stable for 12 months at 5–35 °C; exposure to temperatures below 0 °C can increase viscosity and should be reversed by slow warming to 20 °C under gentle agitation.
In batch-dyeing sequences, the product is dosed into the pre-acidified bath before the dispersed dye is introduced. Its principal effect is to moderate the initial strike onto polyester during the 90–110 °C interval, where an unprotected bath can show exhaustion rates above 4 %/K and produce edge-to-centre shade variation in package columns. When RH-NB-2118 is present at 1.0–2.0 g/L, the measured exhaustion rate in laboratory dyeing trials is reduced to 0.4–0.9 %/K across this interval. Above 110 °C, the retarding effect diminishes and the bath is allowed to exhaust to 90–96% by the end of a 30–45 min hold at 130 °C. This behaviour differs from fatty alcohol ethoxylate levellers, which can continue to hold dye during the final high-temperature phase and reduce exhaustion under short liquor ratios.
The product also functions as a migration accelerator after initial adsorption. If unlevelness has formed during the critical heating phase, the active component permits dye transfer from more heavily dyed zones to lighter zones during the 130 °C hold. Laboratory HT beaker migration testing with dyed polyester panels yields a migration index improvement of 0.10–0.20 units relative to a blank bath when the product is applied at 1.5 g/L. Published data for this specific configuration is limited to controlled laboratory dyeings and should be revalidated on production machinery.
During the heating phase from 70 °C to 100 °C, the rate should be controlled at 1.0–1.5 K/min; from 100 °C to 130 °C, 0.5–1.0 K/min. The product does not compensate for heating gradients faster than 2.0 K/min in high-density package columns, because dye diffusion into the fibre becomes rate-limiting above 120 °C. Bath pH should be rechecked at 90 °C; drift above 5.5 can activate disperse dye particle growth in some C.I. blue anthraquinone dyes.
A comparative evaluation of RH-NB-2118, an alcohol ethoxylate leveller, and a carrier-containing migration aid was performed on 100% polyester interlock knit at liquor ratio 1:10, pH 5.0, maximum temperature 130 °C, and C.I. Disperse Blue 79 at 2.0% owf. The values are single-pilot-campaign data and are not lot-release guarantees.
| Test parameter | RH-NB-2118 1.5 g/L | Alcohol ethoxylate leveller 1.5 g/L | Carrier-containing migration aid 1.0 g/L |
|---|---|---|---|
| Initial exhaustion after 10 min at 90 °C | 18–22% | 31–38% | 12–17% |
| Migration index after 30 min at 130 °C | 0.85–0.90 | 0.70–0.78 | 0.62–0.70 |
| Foam height after 1 min at 25 °C | 35–50 mm | 120–160 mm | 40–60 mm |
| Package pressure increase after 60 min at 130 °C | 0.18–0.35 bar | 0.55–0.90 bar | 0.30–0.50 bar |
| Trichromatic shade deviation ΔE CMC(2:1) | 0.4–0.8 | 1.2–1.8 | 0.9–1.4 |
Relative to naphthalene sulfonate condensate dispersants used as levelling agents, RH-NB-2118 has lower electrolyte sensitivity in full-strength disperse dye baths. Naphthalene condensates can precipitate in the presence of calcium above 100 mg/L CaCO₃, whereas the product remains dispersed at 150 mg/L CaCO₃ under laboratory titration. The product does not rely on chlorinated solvents or aromatic carriers, and therefore eliminates associated activated-carbon demand in some post-dyeing effluent streams.
For trichromatic dyeing of polyester-micropore fabric with high-energy dyes, shade reproducibility is assessed through ΔE CMC(2:1) values against a reference. The comparative table shows 0.4–0.8 units for RH-NB-2118, which is within the 1.0 unit acceptance limit used in many garment-dyeing programs. Conventional alcohol ethoxylate levellers exceeded this threshold under the same pilot conditions. This does not displace the need for repeatability studies on customer dye classes and substrate lots.
After high-temperature dyeing, reduction clearing with sodium hydrosulfite and sodium hydroxide is frequently used to remove surface disperse dye from polyester and polyester-cellulosic batches. RH-NB-2118 is not designed to remain in the reduction-clear bath. The dyebath should be dropped and the substrate rinsed before the clearing bath is prepared, because the product’s anionic fraction can combine with high alkalinity and electrolyte to form a scum at the liquor-air interface. In package-dyeing equipment, this scum deposits on the inside edges of cone tubes and increases pressure differential during the subsequent rinse. If the product is dropped with the exhausted dyebath, the machine should be rinsed immediately at 60–70 °C for 10 min before alkaline reduction chemicals are added. The clearing bath itself typically contains sodium hydrosulfite 2 g/L and sodium hydroxide 2 g/L, held at 70–80 °C for 20 min.
In high-turbulence jet machines with bath turnover below 1.5 min, the product should be pre-diluted at 1:5 with cold-to-warm water before injection. Direct addition through dosing pumps into the circulating liquor is possible when the injection point is located upstream of the heat exchanger and downstream of the fabric lifter reel. At 1.5 g/L, the product contributes 35–50 mm foam height after 1 min in the perforated-disc beating test at 25 °C according to DIN EN 12728, while a conventional alcohol ethoxylate leveller contributes 120–160 mm under identical conditions. Foam is therefore lower but not zero; air entrainment can still occur in machines with leaking pump seals or partially open suction lines. Overdosing above 3.0 g/L produces a measurable reduction in final bath exhaustion, particularly in dark navy and black formulations, where residual disperse dye after a 45 min hold may exceed 10% of the initial concentration.
Polyester cyclic trimer oligomers migrate from the fibre during high-temperature dyeing and can precipitate in cooler machine zones. In package dyeing of texturised polyester yarn, 1.5 g/L RH-NB-2118 combined with 1.0 g/L dispersing agent held pressure rise across the package below 0.35 bar during a 60 min hold at 130 °C. Without the product, pressure differential exceeded 0.80 bar within 25 min, and filter screens required exchange before reduction clearing. The effect is attributed to modification of oligomer crystal surface charge rather than solvent action. The product does not dissolve deposited trimer from cold spots; mechanical cleaning of filter housings remains necessary at intervals determined by fabric weight and heat history.
On beam dyeing machines with pumped flow in the range 20–30 L/(kg·min), RH-NB-2118 is introduced at 40 °C after 10 min of wetting. The bath is acidified to pH 4.5–5.0; alkaline auxiliaries are withheld because pH excursions above 7.0 reduce the adsorptive interaction of the leveller with disperse dye agglomerates. For polyester-wool unions, the product should be used only where the wool component is protected or where acid dyes and chromium mordants are absent; its anionic character competes for fibre sites and can shift shade in mixed systems. In package dyeing of polyester yarn, the product is typically dosed at 0.5–1.5 g/L for dark shades and 1.5–2.5 g/L for light-to-medium shades; package density above 0.40 g/cm³ requires flow reversal intervals below 60 s.
Compatibility testing with high-energy disperse dyes such as C.I. Disperse Yellow 163 should include a filtration study according to AATCC TM146. If filter residue exceeds 2.0% of the initial dye charge, the dye-auxiliary combination should not be released to production. At temperatures up to 135 °C, no thermal decomposition of the product is observed in laboratory dyeing trials, but the product should not be added to baths above 70 °C without pre-dilution because localized dispersion shock can cause uneven dye deposition on sealed package edges.
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